Veterinary vaccines are biological products that can produce specific antibodies against the occurrence or prevalence of animal infectious diseases when inoculated into the animal's body, and have antigenic properties. According to the different sources of materials, veterinary vaccines are mainly bacterial vaccines, viral vaccines and component vaccines. Among them, viral vaccines (such as foot-and-mouth disease vaccine, swine fever vaccine, blue ear vaccine, small ruminant vaccine, and avian influenza vaccine for poultry) occupy the main market.
Most of the viral vaccines use eukaryotic cells as hosts, and the antigen is obtained by cell culture (adherent wall culture and suspension culture) to a specific density and then viral infiltration, while the downstream process and operation are basically the same.
In this article, we take cell culture of viral vaccines as an example to introduce Cobetter's solution for such vaccines.
Figure 1 Overview of the veterinary vaccine production process
Introduction of Cobetter's Clarification and Filtration Solutions
In the clarification process of animal vaccines with cell culture, different precision, materials and clarification methods are selected according to the different viruses, host cell types, medium composition and production batch sizes. We usually have the following solutions:
Solution one
For vaccines with small culture volume and good cell culture clarification (swine fever vaccine, blue ear vaccine), especially for vaccines produced by the traditional rotary flask process, due to the low turbidity of the antigens themselves and the low cellular debris, we often recommend a solution of one-stage or two-stage cartridge filtration.
Case study
For blue ear vaccines, Cobetter's Excesal® CHT + APS series can be used.
Solution two
There are also some cell culture whose composition is more complex, and the amount of culture is large, such as foot-and-mouth disease vaccine. The size of a single batch can reach thousands of tens of thousands of liters, and contain a large number of cell debris and agglomerates, fermentation broth turbid, poor clarification conditions. For this vaccine, we tend to recommend the use of a variety of combined processes - the mainstream way on the market at the present time are the following kinds:
Figure 2 Combined processes in producing cell culture whose composition is more complex
The trend of filtration turbidity with filtration load during S840PC filtration is shown in Figure 3 below:
Figure 3 The trend of filtration turbidity with filtration load during S840PC filtration
Our loading capacity can reach 450L/m2, the average flux is 160LMH, and the turbidity is reduced to less than a single digit, which is very good to meet the customer's requirements.
This data is only for experimental reference, if you need specific model recommendation, please contact Cobetter sales engineers.
Cobetter's Depth Filter
What is the advantage of Cobetter's depth filter and what should you pay attention to when operating it?
Introduction of Cobetter's Depth Filter
Through a special production process, the Cobetter Roheap®CSD series of depth filtration is made from a combination of high-purity lignocellulose and inorganic filter aids. The crisscrossed three-dimensional spatial structure inside the filter makes it a depth filtration medium, which is what provides excellent filtration results.
Preparation before using Cobetter's Depth Filter
Why do we need to rinse my depth filtration pre use? Wouldn't soaking be acceptable as well?
New depth filters may have some particulate matter in the production process, in order to avoid the direct use of material filtration leading to the increase of dissolved matter, precipitation, rinsing is required. Rinsing can not only reduce the particulate matter in the production process and reduce the dissolved matter, precipitates, TOC, but also increase the filter strength, and can make the filter membrane completely wet, fully exhaust, and reduce the differential pressure during usage.
Is it okay to opt for soaking instead of rinsing?
First: Comparison of new sample soaking and rinsing flow rate
The initial rinsing flow rates of products 3# and 4# after 20 min of soaking are almost the same as those of products 1# and 2# without any treatment. The flow rate increases with the increase of rinsing time, and the flow rate stabilizes at about 30 min after rinsing.
Second: Comparison of different precision depth filters
1. After soaking depth filters of different precisions, the initial flow rate of the product is not affected.
2. Filter precision from high to low is HOHP, 0004, 0020PC, and the time needed for the flow rate to stabilize is HOHP, 0004, 0020PC; the higher the precision, the longer the rinsing time needed.
From the above experimental results, soaking for depth filter is not very effective. This is because there is also air inside the depth filter, which will form many small bubbles when soaked, and these small bubbles need to be rinsed out under a certain pressure. The higher the precision, the higher the pressure required or the longer the rinsing time.